{"id":111,"date":"2015-07-25T04:45:13","date_gmt":"2015-07-25T04:45:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dewlance.com\/kb\/?p=111"},"modified":"2022-08-16T10:20:36","modified_gmt":"2022-08-16T10:20:36","slug":"initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images","title":{"rendered":"Initial Server Setup of CentOS 6.x with images"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\tSetting up a new server is easy and only takes 5 minutes. Once you receive your new VPS\/server login details, you need to configure it to make it more secure. In order to follow our tutorial, make sure that you have a root account and you can connect to an SSH account. If you have a GUI Access, you can also use terminal area to run root commands.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tOnce you receive your server IP address and main root password, you can connect to an SSH Account using your server IP address and password. By default, the CentOS 6 port is set to port 22 so you don&#39;t need to ask yourself what your SSH port is.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"initial-server-setup-with-centos-6\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-126\" height=\"119\" src=\"http:\/\/dewlance.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/initial-server-setup-with-centos-6.jpg\" width=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/initial-server-setup-with-centos-6.jpg 377w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/initial-server-setup-with-centos-6-200x63.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/initial-server-setup-with-centos-6-300x95.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tStep 1: Connect to SSH<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n\tWe can connect to our VPS\/Server via any SSH client like PuTTY, which is available for Linux and Windows. If you are a Mac OS user, you can use &quot;Terminal.app&quot;, which is available from Menu &gt; Shell &gt; New Remote Connection.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"how-to-access-ssh-via-putty-client\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-112\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/dewlance.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/how-to-access-ssh-via-putty-client.jpg\" width=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/how-to-access-ssh-via-putty-client.jpg 312w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/how-to-access-ssh-via-putty-client-200x192.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/how-to-access-ssh-via-putty-client-300x288.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIf you use PuTTY, it will ask you to enter username and password. If prompted, enter &quot;root&quot; (without the quotes) as a username and your VPS\/Server password if you are connecting to your server for the first time. Your server may ask you to &quot;verify host verification key&quot;. If asked, click on &quot;yes&quot;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tStep 2: Change the default root password<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n\tOnce you are connected, execute this command to change the password of your main root account and follow instructions.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tpasswd root\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIt will ask you for a new password. You should enter a secure password, which includes special characters like &quot;$ or #&quot; and has a length of at least 8 characters. Make sure you remember your password, save it on your local pc in a safe place or write it down in a notebook so in case you forget, you won&rsquo;t have to worry.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"ssh-password-change\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-115\" height=\"131\" src=\"http:\/\/dewlance.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/ssh-password-change.jpg\" width=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/ssh-password-change.jpg 453w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/ssh-password-change-200x58.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/ssh-password-change-300x87.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tStep 3: Create Sudo user<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n\tRunning or installing a script or software using the main user account can cause some unwanted issues and is not recommended for security reasons. However, you can create a sudo user with root privileges. It will be a more secure option for you.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIf your name is Mike, you would want to create a sudo user with your name. However, should you want to use a different name, replace it with your username.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tRun this command to create a new user:<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tadduser mike\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNow we need to set up a new password for the newly created account.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tpasswd mike\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAssign administrative privileges to your new user.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIf you run commands using the newly created sudo account, it will display an error like &quot;permission denied&quot;. It means we will need to grant administrative privileges to our new account. By default, this command uses CentOS&rsquo;s default &quot;vi&quot; editor.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tvisudo\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tUnder the line that looks like the following line\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\t## Allow root to run any commands anywhere<br \/>\n\t\troot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tadd the following and replace the username with your user. You can press &quot;a&quot;(without quota) to start editing.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>mike<\/strong> &nbsp; ALL=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAfter you add this line, it will look the same as in this example.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\t## Allow root to run any commands anywhere<br \/>\n\t\troot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>mike<\/strong> &nbsp; ALL=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNow save your changes and exit from the &quot;vi&quot; editor. Press [Escape\/ESC] button and type : (colon) and <strong>wq &#8211; <\/strong>If it does not exist then press &quot;Ctrl+C&quot; and type<strong> :wq<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNow you can access your newly created account by using your username and password and be able to make changes to your system or install software.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tStep 4: Change SSH default port and disable root login<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n\tThe default port is often subjected to brute-force attacks, which is bad for security. It is best to change your default port 22 to a different one. You can use any port from 0 to 65535.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLogin to your newly created account and execute this command:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tsudo vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_conf\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tFind the following line\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tPort 22\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tPermitRootLogin yes\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNow change port number to a different port. If you change it to 1212 and disable root login, you will only be able to access your SSH account from your new user account.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tPort 1212\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tPermitRootLogin no\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAdd the following line in the beginning or the end of file and replace the username &quot;mike&quot; with your username.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<pre>\r\nAllowUsers <strong>mike<\/strong><\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tExit from vi editor and restart SSH server to save changes.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tservice sshd restart\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tWe need to open our new SSH port in the firewall, otherwise, next time we could fail to connect to an SSH account. Execute this command and replace the port with your port\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tiptables -A INPUT -m state &#8211;state NEW -m tcp -p tcp &#8211;dport <strong>1212<\/strong> -j ACCEPT\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<h3>\n\tExtra (Optional)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<h3>\n\tDisplay SSH warning message on login<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n\tYou can display a warning message for users in case any unauthorized person tries to login to your system or in case you have multiple VPS and want to add a custom message. You can either follow or skip these steps as they are optional but it is a good practice to follow them.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tvi \/etc\/motd\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAdd a message like this one, save it and exit from vi command.\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\tWelcome to Dewlance\n\t<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nYour IP and login information have been recorded.<\/pre>\n<p>\n\t\tUnauthorized access will be fully investigated and reported to the appropriate law enforcement agencies so please exit immediately.\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNext time you try to log in, you will need to use your new port number, instead of the default port 22, and you will see your custom message displayed on the console.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Setting up a new server is easy and only takes 5 minutes. Once you receive your new VPS\/server login details, you need to configure it to make it more secure. In order to follow our tutorial, make sure that you have a root account and you can connect to an SSH account. If you have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":128,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[706],"tags":[48,49,46,45,47],"class_list":["post-111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vps","tag-centos-6","tag-initial-server-setup-centos","tag-port-change","tag-ssh","tag-ssh-firewall-port"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Initial Server Setup of CentOS 6.x with images - Web Hosting Blog - Dewlance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Initial Server Setup of CentOS 6.x with images - Web Hosting Blog - Dewlance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Setting up a new server is easy and only takes 5 minutes. Once you receive your new VPS\/server login details, you need to configure it to make it more secure. In order to follow our tutorial, make sure that you have a root account and you can connect to an SSH account. If you have [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Web Hosting Blog - Dewlance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dewlance.hosting\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-07-25T04:45:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-16T10:20:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/setup-vps-initial-server-setup-dewlance-centos-e1437799445218.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"K.S\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dewlance\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dewlance\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"K.S\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"K.S\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/0fe2f240cf5589599b50b9385ee53694\"},\"headline\":\"Initial Server Setup of CentOS 6.x with images\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-07-25T04:45:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-08-16T10:20:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\"},\"wordCount\":984,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/setup-vps-initial-server-setup-dewlance-centos-e1437799445218.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"centos 6\",\"initial server setup centos\",\"port change\",\"ssh\",\"ssh firewall port\"],\"articleSection\":[\"VPS\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.dewlance.com\/blog\/initial-server-setup-of-centos-6-x-with-images\",\"name\":\"Initial Server Setup of CentOS 6.x with images - 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